2024 Hcg levels during pregnancy with twins

13 - 16 weeks. 9,000 - 210,000 µ/L. 16 - 29 weeks (second trimester) 1,400 - 53,000 µ/L. 29 - 41 weeks (third trimester) 940 - 60,000 µ/L. Higher than expected hCG levels may happen if you’re are pregnant with twins and triplets. It may also happen if you have an abnormal growth in your uterus (womb). Falling hCG levels may show a ... . C level restaurant early bird menu

Women who are pregnant with twins may have increased levels of hCG, which is the hormone that is produced during pregnancy. However, increased levels of hCG do not automatically indicate multiples. Further investigation would be needed to verify the cause of a high hCG level. Abnormal AFP Test Results. An alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening, …Mar 18, 2019 ... Your hCG level should at least double in a healthy pregnancy—a triple hCG could be twins! I called my husband to tell him the abdominal pain was ...hCG levels in our blood change during the first trimester, rising rapidly. Nonpregnant women have less than 5 milli-international units per milliliter (mIU/mL). “A normal blood level for hCG on the day a period is due (14 days after ovulation) is 40 to 120 mIU/mL,” Dr. Matthews says. Levels should then double every 48 hours from weeks four ...I’m also wondering if I could be carrying twins bc of my levels. My levels at 4 wks. - HCG 274.6. - Progesterone >60. Levels at 4wks + 3days. - HCG 1483. - Progesterone 53.27. Scheduled for 3rd blood draw in 2days and U/S in a week. Hoping for twins but we did do a single day5 embryo transfer but I’m hearing that my levels may …A molar pregnancy (also known as a hydatidiform mole) is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). This type of pregnancy loss is caused by chromosomal abnormalities during conception that result in abnormal growths of placental tissue. Essentially, this occurs when an egg is fertilized, but instead of developing into a fetus, a mass ...During week 4 of a twin pregnancy, blastocysts will implant in the uterine wall and form into embryos, and their body parts will begin to form. Placentas, amniotic sacs, and yolk sacs will be forming at this time to support your babies, as well. Medically reviewed by Layan Alrahmani, M.D., ob-gyn, MFM. Written by Kandis Lake, R.N. | Nov 18, 2021.While hCG levels can vary widely from person to person and from pregnancy to pregnancy, they tend to fall within a range. Below is the average hCG range during pregnancy, based on the number of weeks since your last menstrual period (Note, if your cycle is irregular, these numbers may not apply).High levels of hCG during a blood test could indicate twins, although hCG levels vary so this shouldn’t be used as the only indicator. The results of an alpha-fetoprotein test (AFT) could also show a twin pregnancy: The AFT measures the amount of a specific protein produced by a growing baby’s liver and detected in Mom’s bloodstream ...Oct 19, 2022 · Molar Pregnancy. Less commonly, high hCG levels can indicate a significant complication with your pregnancy—namely a molar pregnancy. This rare abnormality occurs in one out of every 1,000 pregnancies. Molar pregnancies are believed to result from a genetic mistake in the fertilizing sperm or egg, which causes the cells that would typically ... Nov 21, 2023 ... higher HCG levels; higher amounts of protein ... While anyone can experience complications during pregnancy, multiple births are considered a ...If hCG levels are being measured, they may show a slower rise than would be expected in a normally developing twin pregnancy. Low hCG levels in vanishing twin syndrome are usually present from the first days of implantation. It may be reassuring to a parent to know that loss had nothing to do with something they did or did not do.Progesterone levels also can have quite a variance at this stage of pregnancy. They can range from 9-47ng/ml in the first trimester, with an average of 12-20 ng/ml in the first 5-6 weeks of pregnancy. With both hCG levels and progesterone levels, it is not the single value that can predict a healthy pregnancy outcome.hCG, or Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. hCG interacts with the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) of the ovary and, through this process, stimulates the corpus luteum — the remains of an ovarian follicle that has already released an ovum.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP), free-β-human chorionic gonadotropin (free-β-hCG) and unconjugated estriol (uE 3) in second trimester maternal serum and comparative analysis of serum markers levels in normal twin and singleton pregnancies, and to evaluate the feasible …Nov 22, 2021 · Pregnancy blood tests can detect hCG hormone levels as low as 5 to 10 mIU/mL. Urine tests. At-home urine tests require higher levels of hCG to detect a pregnancy, typically at least 20 mIU/mL. If your home pregnancy test is positive, your healthcare provider may offer a blood test to check your hCG levels. The results can help your provider ... During week 4 of a twin pregnancy, blastocysts will implant in the uterine wall and form into embryos, and their body parts will begin to form. Placentas, amniotic sacs, and yolk sacs will be forming at this time to support your babies, as well. Medically reviewed by Layan Alrahmani, M.D., ob-gyn, MFM. Written by Kandis Lake, R.N. | Nov 18, 2021.For example, during week six of pregnancy, the normal range for hCG is between 1,080 – 56,500 mIU/mL. That is a huge range! It is more important to know the increase in hCG over a 72 hour period. So you will need to test hCG levels twice, at least a couple of days apart. ( source) For most women undergoing IVF, the hCG levels on day 12 and 14 ...Updated on October 19, 2022. Medically reviewed by Rachel Gurevich, RN. If your hCG level is high during pregnancy, this could be due to a variety of factors. During …hCG levels in our blood change during the first trimester, rising rapidly. Nonpregnant women have less than 5 milli-international units per milliliter (mIU/mL). “A normal blood level for hCG on the day a period is due (14 days after ovulation) is 40 to 120 mIU/mL,” Dr. Matthews says. Levels should then double every 48 hours from weeks four ...They found two sacs, the bigger one is 13.7mm, second one is a bit smaller. In the bigger one she found the yolk sac, but not the other. She also showed me a small "flicker" in the bigger one. My HGC Level today is 51,538. I've to go back in two weeks for another scan. Hoping the high HCG levels means two healthy babies, just one was a …Week 9 to 12 – 25,700 to 288,000 mIU/mL of hCG. Week 13 to 16 – 13,300 to 254,000 mIU/mL of hCG. Week 17 to 24 – 4,060 to 165,400 mIU/mL of hCG. Week 34 to 40 – 3,640 to 117,000 mIU/mL of hCG. While it can be tempting to get caught up in numbers, it’s important to remember that the range of what’s considered “normal” hCG levels ...Apr 22, 2024 · hCG, or Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. hCG interacts with the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) of the ovary and, through this process, stimulates the corpus luteum — the remains of an ovarian follicle that has already released an ovum. "How do you handle all of this?" That's a question I am often faced with. Edit Your Post Published by Maryann Oakley on August 25, 2020 "How do you handle al...Typically, you'll find out if you're having twins during a first trimester ultrasound. An ultrasound will usually be able to detect a twin pregnancy early on, but sometimes a twin pregnancy can be detected even earlier through a pregnancy blood test. ... HCG levels in pregnancy. Reviewed by Layan Alrahmani, M.D., ob-gyn, MFM. 16 …Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. It’s sometimes called the pregnancy hormone because of its unique role in supporting a pregnancy. HCG is found in your urine or blood around 10 to 11 days after conception (when a sperm fertilizes an egg). Your hCG levels are the highest towards the ...At an HCG level of ~200 IU/l, two-thirds are live singletons, almost one third are twins, miscarriages are rare, and tubal pregnancies practically non- existent ...These were my levels13dpo- 131 hcg 20.47 progesterone15dpo- 394 hcg 23.10 prog.20dpo- 2647 hcg 61.30 prog.We would certainly be very happy with twins. FTM to be! At 4 weeks my hcg was in the 500, progesterone was 8; at 5 weeks my hcg was 15,000 and my progesterone was 10. My obgyn had me do an ultrasound that week.Studies have shown that human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels among women with twins were twice as high as in singleton pregnancy at 11 to 13 weeks of ...Mar 5, 2024 · Urine pregnancy tests can detect hCG levels when they reach 20 to 50 milli-international units/mL, while blood tests are positive at 5 milli-international units/mL, Lamppa says. That typically translates to getting a positive urine pregnancy test around the time your period is due. veronicalind. Jan 22, 2024 at 9:10 AM. Hi! I know the only way to know if you are having twins is an ultrasound but I was hoping some of you could share your HCG level and progesterone levels. I feel like my progesterone is really high for a singleton. HCG 14 DPO: 358. HCG 17 DPO: 1162. Progesterone: 81!Dec 12, 2023 · Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) is a crucial hormone during pregnancy, and when expecting twins, monitoring hCG levels becomes even more significant. Below is a comprehensive hcg levels for twins chart outlining the typical hCG levels for different weeks during a twin pregnancy. hCG Levels By Week for Twins The chances of conceiving twins, a type of multiple pregnancy, are low. Twins occur naturally in 1 out of every 250 pregnancies. What are the signs of a twin pregnancy? Certain circumstances are consistent with carrying more than one fetus. But experiencing the signs of a twin pregnancy doesn’t always mean a person is carrying two fetuses. HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is a hormone produced during pregnancy that can be detected in the blood or urine even before the mother misses her period. This hormone doubles about every 2 to 3 days and reaches its peak between 8 and 11 weeks of pregnancy. And you guessed it, it's also what is detected in an over the counter pregnancy test.Jul 19, 2022 · For a single baby, the hCG level varies from 70 to 750 mIU/ml (i.e., milli international units per millilitre, which is a unit to measure hormones). High hCG levels can be found for twins during the early stages for pregnancy. The normal hCG levels for twins is 30% to 50% higher than in single pregnancy- somewhere around 200 to 1750 mIU/ml. Increased hCG levels can be an indicator of a pregnancy that includes twins, but it’s not conclusive evidence. (It could just mean that your pregnancy dates have been miscalculated.) Hcg is tricky because it can be indicative of multiples, but also can mean molar/ectopic if it’s super high- or just a singleton. The only real way to confirm if there is actually multiples is an ultrasound. With that said, here’s ours: Conception: 8/2. 8/16- 252.5 HCG. 8/18- 609 HCG. 8/25- 14,386 HCGHuman chorionic gonadotropin, or hCG, levels during pregnancy range from 5 to 50 milli-international units per milliliter at three weeks to 25,700 to 288,000 at nine to 12 weeks ge...Essentially, a beta-hCG test is used to confirm and/or evaluate a pregnancy via a blood test in a doctor's office. Beta-hCG (β-hCG) is a test that measures the amount of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the blood. This hormone is produced as soon as 10 days after conception. In healthy pregnancies, levels of hCG increase rapidly in early ...Sep 20, 2022 ... If an early ultrasound shows a twin pregnancy, but a the parent experiences symptoms of miscarriage or lower-than-expected hCG levels, or ...Dec 13, 2021 · Your twins start forming brains and spinal cords. Around 6 weeks, your babies’ spinal cords and brains will develop from the neural tubes. Little arms and legs start to form. By 8 weeks of your twin pregnancy, your babies will have buds for limbs that look like little paddles. Two heartbeats. I did my blood test yesterday and doctor called me just now for the results. I am about 18DPO today and got my BFP at 6DPO. She said my levels are really high, so I could be expecting more than one baby. She said on average, singleton HCG levels should be about 500 - 1000 at 4 + 2, but mine is over 2000. My progesterone is at about 130.Confusingly, when levels of hCG are too high, they can also interfere with pregnancy test results. This is why, interestingly, being pregnant with twins can sometimes cause a false-negative pregnancy test. Let’s find out why. Having twins, triplets, or more can cause the body to produce higher levels of hCG.Pregnancy Week 41. Pregnancy Week 42. Hi all. I had my hcg tested at 4 wks 6 days and it was 4785, my progesterone was 16.5. With my daughter at about the same time, my hcg was in the 400's. I had my hcg tested again today and will find out Monday (hopefully it doubled). I have been having a hunch its twins, even having …Apr 22, 2024 · hCG, or Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. hCG interacts with the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) of the ovary and, through this process, stimulates the corpus luteum — the remains of an ovarian follicle that has already released an ovum. Updated Feb 1, 2023. By. Lindsay Ewan, M.D., M.P.H. Medical Reviewer Andrea Eisenberg, M.D. Getty Images/Edwin Tan. Jump To. hCG by Week. Higher With Twins? About hCG. hCG Testing. When...Other significant pregnancy hormones. Cortisol: Sometimes called the stress hormone, cortisol tends to increase by two to four times its pre-pregnancy level. Although cortisol does help with fetal development, it's important to manage stress during pregnancy so cortisol levels don't become too elevated.Another possibility for falling hCG levels in a viable pregnancy would be vanishing twin syndrome, a twin pregnancy in which one baby is miscarried while the other is viable. ... Korevaar TI, Steegers EA, De Rijke YB, et al. Reference ranges and determinants of total hCG levels during pregnancy: The Generation R Study. Eur J …HCG production starts right after implantation, but the levels are very low at first. They increase rapidly in the first few weeks, and home pregnancy tests can typically detect hCG in urine once it reaches 25 mIU/mL or higher (although some can detect in at lower levels). This is generally around 12 to 14 days after conception or a couple of days …Space simulation and analytics company Slingshot Aerospace has been awarded a $25.2 million, 39-month contract by the U.S. Space Force (USSF) to further develop and deliver two of ...A twin pregnancy causes the body to produce higher levels of pregnancy hormones, particularly human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). This may intensify early pregnancy symptoms. Some potential signs ...Essentially, a beta-hCG test is used to confirm and/or evaluate a pregnancy via a blood test in a doctor's office. Beta-hCG (β-hCG) is a test that measures the amount of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the blood. This hormone is produced as soon as 10 days after conception. In healthy pregnancies, levels of hCG increase rapidly in early ...In 8195 pregnant women, total serum hCG levels were determined from blood samples drawn from the women at inclusion in the study (median 14.4 weeks; 95 % range 10.1–26.2). Women with a late termination of pregnancy (TOP) were excluded from the study population (n = 2). For population-based RR, and total hCG determinant analyses, women with ...However, some mothers experience symptoms similar to miscarriage, including: Mild cramping. Vaginal bleeding. Pelvic pain. Decreasing hormone levels (hCG, as detected by blood tests) Trusted Source Fertility and Sterility Early Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Trends in Vanishing Twin Pregnancies See All Sources. [2]Space simulation and analytics company Slingshot Aerospace has been awarded a $25.2 million, 39-month contract by the U.S. Space Force (USSF) to further develop and deliver two of ...Life does not have to be a rollercoaster, sometimes it can be a long lazy carousel ride. All photos by the author When I planned my first major travels with my 8-year-old twins, th...A visual inspection of hCG trajectories for the twin pregnancies shows considerable variation, with an average trajectory very similar to that for ... A Longitudinal-Study Of Maternal Serum Human Chorionic-Gonadotropin Levels During Pregnancy. Gynecologic And Obstetric Investigation. 1995; 40:158–161. [Google Scholar] Woodward AJ, Lenton …The chart shows an average level range for each week dated from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP). hCG Levels During Pregnancy. (from last menstrual period) Women who are not pregnant: <5.0 mIU/ml. hCG levels at 3 weeks: 5 – 50 mIU/ml. hCG levels at 4 weeks: 5 – 426 mIU/ml. hCG levels at 5 weeks: 18 – 7,340 …Essentially, a beta-hCG test is used to confirm and/or evaluate a pregnancy via a blood test in a doctor's office. Beta-hCG (β-hCG) is a test that measures the amount of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the blood. This hormone is produced as soon as 10 days after conception. In healthy pregnancies, levels of hCG increase rapidly in early ...Jan 24, 2022 · Since many mamas do report higher hCG levels with twin pregnancies, other early signs of pregnancy are exacerbated in a twin pregnancy. Here, some common complaints in mamas carrying multiples: 2. Extreme morning sickness. Because of the bigger increase in several pregnancy hormones, morning sickness can be especially bad during a twin pregnancy. Studies have shown that human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels among women with twins were twice as high as in singleton pregnancy at 11 to 13 weeks of ...Week 9 to 12 – 25,700 to 288,000 mIU/mL of hCG. Week 13 to 16 – 13,300 to 254,000 mIU/mL of hCG. Week 17 to 24 – 4,060 to 165,400 mIU/mL of hCG. Week 34 to 40 – 3,640 to 117,000 mIU/mL of hCG. While it can be tempting to get caught up in numbers, it’s important to remember that the range of what’s considered “normal” hCG levels ...Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. If hCG levels fall or plateau early in the first trimester, doctors may suspect a potential pregnancy loss.If your hCG level differs, don’t worry, as it doesn’t necessarily indicate a problem with your pregnancy. The most crucial factor is the hormone’s growth rate during the early weeks. hCG levels in multiple pregnancies, such as twins or triplets, are usually higher since more embryos mean more sources of chorionic gonadotropin production.Advertisement. High hCG levels could be a sign of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) or a molar pregnancy. If your early hCG reading is extremely high, you will need an immediate follow-up appointment to determine the cause. Your healthcare practitioner may also test your hCG levels later in the pregnancy if you experience hyperemesis ...Apr 22, 2024 · hCG, or Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. hCG interacts with the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) of the ovary and, through this process, stimulates the corpus luteum — the remains of an ovarian follicle that has already released an ovum. Risk of type 2 diabetes for mother and obesity for child is elevated even a decade after pregnancy for women with higher than normal blood sugar levels. Trusted Health Information ...Its concentration increases exponentially with a doubling time of 3–4 days during the first trimesters (Fig. 3), then the level continues to rise throughout pregnancy until delivery. The rapid increase in PAPP-A levels during the first trimester causes the interpretation of a given value to be very dependent on gestational age.hCG, or Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. hCG interacts with the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) of the ovary and, through this process, stimulates the corpus luteum — the remains of an ovarian follicle that has already released an ovum.These tests are tools used to gather information on the progression of a pregnancy. Normal, High, and Low hCG Levels Explained. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone produced during pregnancy, with levels that can provide important information about the health of the pregnancy. Normal hCG levels vary widely among pregnant …Feb 1, 2023 · Jump To. hCG by Week. Higher With Twins? About hCG. hCG Testing. When hCG Is Low. When hCG Is High. Conclusion. Several different types of hormones are involved in pregnancy. One of these is... High HCG. I am currently 4 weeks 5 days pregnant. My doctor did a blood draw last week to confirm my levels. My HCG on Friday (4 weeks 4 days) was 6,598. …Carrying multiples (twins, triplets, etc.) can affect the rate of hCG rise, as well as how far along you are. ... Reference ranges and determinants of total hCG levels during pregnancy: The ...Week 9 to 12 – 25,700 to 288,000 mIU/mL of hCG. Week 13 to 16 – 13,300 to 254,000 mIU/mL of hCG. Week 17 to 24 – 4,060 to 165,400 mIU/mL of hCG. Week 34 to 40 – 3,640 to 117,000 mIU/mL of hCG. While it can be tempting to get caught up in numbers, it’s important to remember that the range of what’s considered “normal” hCG levels ...In early pregnancy, a 48-hour increase of hCG by 35% can still be considered normal. As your pregnancy progresses, the hCG level increase slows down significantly. Between 1,200 and 6,000 mIU/ml serum, the hCG level usually takes 72-96 hours to double. Above 6,000 mIU/ml, the hCG level often takes over four or more days to double.Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. It’s sometimes called the pregnancy hormone because of its unique role in supporting a pregnancy. HCG is found in your urine or blood around 10 to 11 days after conception (when a sperm fertilizes an egg). Your hCG levels are the highest towards …The average blood levels of hCG during pregnancy are: Borderline pregnancy result: 10 tp 25 U/L. Positive pregnancy test: more than 25 U/L. The only way to know what your hCG levels are for sure is by having blood tests which measure hCG, specifically hCG levels for twins. Women who are undergoing fertility assistance and having regular blood ...Sep 20, 2022 ... If an early ultrasound shows a twin pregnancy, but a the parent experiences symptoms of miscarriage or lower-than-expected hCG levels, or ...Research shows that higher levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) ... Around 28% of conjoined twins die during pregnancy or are stillborn. Another 54% may die soon after they are born.High HCG. I am currently 4 weeks 5 days pregnant. My doctor did a blood draw last week to confirm my levels. My HCG on Friday (4 weeks 4 days) was 6,598. …

Pregnancy Week 41. Pregnancy Week 42. Hi all. I had my hcg tested at 4 wks 6 days and it was 4785, my progesterone was 16.5. With my daughter at about the same time, my hcg was in the 400's. I had my hcg tested again today and will find out Monday (hopefully it doubled). I have been having a hunch its twins, even having …. Lowes in tucson

hCG, or Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. hCG interacts with the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) of the ovary and, through this process, stimulates the corpus luteum — the remains of an ovarian follicle that has already released an ovum. Thanks to this …Risk of type 2 diabetes for mother and obesity for child is elevated even a decade after pregnancy for women with higher than normal blood sugar levels. Trusted Health Information ...A total of 160 twin-pregnant women were enrolled to establish reference ranges for TSH and FT4 in the current study. The median age was 31 (28–33) years, and the median gestational age at delivery was 37.00 (35.71–37.57) weeks. The median time of thyroid function detection was 9.00 (7.57–10.86) weeks.Due to elevated levels of pregnancy hormone hCG, women carrying multiples may have more nausea and vomiting than those carrying only one baby; Your growing faster-than-normal 6 weeks pregnant with twins belly may tip you off. But if you’ve never been pregnant before you don’t have anything to compare it to.So. Okay. Praying this baby survives and continues growing at my next ultrasound next Tuesday! #2 - I just got my HCG levels back today. 2 days ago I was 46,116 mIU/ml and today I was 43,531 mIU/ml. Doctor did tell me at the appointment that with vanishing twin syndrome the HCG level will rise but then fall a little as the baby is being absorbed.While hCG levels can vary widely from person to person and from pregnancy to pregnancy, they tend to fall within a range. Below is the average hCG range during pregnancy, based on the number of weeks since your last menstrual period (Note, if your cycle is irregular, these numbers may not apply).hCG rising slowly could indicate that the pregnancy is not viable. Common causes include impending miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, and anembryonic pregnancy. hCG levels that increase by less than 66% in a two-day span should be taken seriously. Additional testing is done to determine the underlying cause.The hCG levels with twins read somewhere between 200-1750 ml at the end of a month i.e. approx. 30 days from the last menstrual period (LMP). Owing to this reading hCG levels twins chart reads 30-50% higher than a single baby’s hCG chart. Initially, during pregnancy, the hCG readings doubles every two to three days. Therefore, an …Definition. hCG testing. Always higher with twins? Takeaway. While higher levels of hCG can indicate twin pregnancy, it is by no means definitive. You’re going to want to get an ultrasound to... HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is a hormone produced during pregnancy that can be detected in the blood or urine even before the mother misses her period. This hormone doubles about every 2 to 3 days and reaches its peak between 8 and 11 weeks of pregnancy. And you guessed it, it's also what is detected in an over the counter pregnancy test. The hook effect may occur when levels of hCG reach 500,000 milli-international units per milliliter. Certain medical conditions, such as cancer and pregnancy-related diseases, may cause high ...Aug 6, 2020 · If your hCG level is higher than 25 mIU/ml you’ll get a positive pregnancy test . Since levels double every 48-72 hours in the first trimester, the hCG levels should continue to rise. Though the ranges below are not absolute, it’s a good reference point for a single pregnancy. (More on twins below!) .

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